getc() vs fgetc() – What are the major differences?

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From the Advanced Programming in Unix Environment:

…

The difference between getc and fgetc is that getc can be
implemented as a macro, whereas fgetc cannot be implemented as a
macro. This means three things:

  • The argument to getc should not be an expression with side effects.
  • Since fgetc is guaranteed to be a function, we can take its address. This allows us to pass the address of fgetc as an argument
    to another function.
  • Calls to fgetc probably take longer than calls to getc, as it usually takes more time to call a function.

…

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