That’s more specifically a ternary operator expression than an if-then, here’s the python syntax
value_when_true if condition else value_when_false
Better Example: (thanks Mr. Burns)
'Yes' if fruit == 'Apple' else 'No'
Now with assignment and contrast with if syntax
fruit="Apple"
isApple = True if fruit == 'Apple' else False
vs
fruit="Apple"
isApple = False
if fruit == 'Apple' : isApple = True