What is the difference between ‘typedef’ and ‘using’?
They are equivalent, from the standard (emphasis mine) (7.1.3.2): A typedef-name can also be introduced by an alias-declaration. The identifier following the using keyword becomes a typedef-name and the optional attribute-specifier-seq following the identifier appertains to that typedef-name. It has the same semantics as if it were introduced by the typedef specifier. In particular, it …