They were most likely looking for examples of web frameworks – for example, JSF is a component-based framework, and Struts is a request-based framework.
Request-based frameworks generally make it clear through their APIs that they’re working with parsing an HTML request / generating an HTML response, while Component-based frameworks attempt to abstract this away and treat the application as collections of components with renderers and actions to do things.
In my opinion, component-based web frameworks are more trouble than they’re worth – their main purpose is usually to make the development of a web app “easier” for developers unfamiliar with web development, and closer to traditional desktop development. However, in practice, when something goes wrong, you need to develop custom components, you need to customize the framework for something that isn’t “out of the box” functionality, etc. you need to understand both underlying “traditional” web development and how the component-based framework abstracts it – and if you’re an experienced web developer and have existing solutions, utilities, libraries or snippets that worked in “traditional” web development, you’ll waste time re-implementing them to work within the component-based framework.