I was able to get it to work without using an external server just by adding the dependency to H2 via Maven and then using this bean:
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:file:h2\db"/>
<property name="username" value="sa"/>
<property name="password" value=""/>
</bean>
Then again, this required that I use a file-based DB instead of in-memory. But it does the trick.