A table is where data is stored. You always start with tables first, and then your usage pattern dictates whether you need views or materialized views.
A view is like a stored query for future use, if you’re frequently joining or filtering the same tables the same way in multiple places.
A materialized view is like a combination of both: it’s a table that is automatically populated and refreshed via a view. You’d use this if you were using views, and want to pre-join or pre-aggregate the rows to speed up queries.